Introduction
Bute Park is one of the largest urban parks in the country. With Pontcanna Fields and Sophia Gardens to the west, it forms a huge space open to the public within the centre of Cardiff. A mix of rare and ornamental trees have been planted since 1947 to compliment some excellent specimens that formed part of the original park design. These include some 'Champion Trees' known to be the biggest examples of their species anywhere in the UK. Bute Park also has a renowned herbaceous border with the River Taff as a backdrop.
Terrain
Most of the area lies on the flood plain of the river Taff.Bute Park comprises about 46 hectares of land bounded at the southern end by the ‘Animal Wall' along Castle Street and the castle moat/docks feeder, along the eastern side by a narrow strip of land to the east of the docks feeder and on the western side by the river Taff. The park ends in the north at Blackweir where part of the river's flow is diverted into the docks feeder.
The area is about 1.8 km in length south-south-east/north-north-west and between 200 metres and 400 metres in width being about 8mOD near the castle and about 10mOD at Blackweir.
There are a number of public access points into the park.
On the south side:-
• At the West Lodge on Castle Street (ST178765) just east of the bridge over the river Taff.
On the west side:-
• Via the Water Bus landing stage on the east bank of the river Taff visible from the West Lodge entrance.
• Via the Millennium Footbridge from Sophia Gardens, about 300 metres north-north-west of West Lodge.
On the east side off North Road:-
• Via a path from the North Gate (ST181767) which runs parallel to the north wall of the Castle crossing the docks feeder adjacent to the north-west corner of the castle.
• Via the grounds of the castle mews (Welsh College of Music and Drama) and Ginko Avenue to join the above path.
• Via a path just north of the Welsh College of Music and Drama some 450 metres north-north-east of the North gate entrance crossing the docks feeder.
• Via the northern end of the North Road Car Park leading to the Blackwater Farm Lodge and entrance (ST175776), a further 600 metres north-north-west of the above entrance.
At the northernmost end at the Blackweir Gate (ST171780):-
• Via the ‘Taff Trail' from the north, which has access from Llys Talybont Road and Eastern Avenue, respectively 200 metres and 1km further along the eastern side of the river.
• From Pontcanna Fields via the Taff Trail and footbridge over the river Taff at Blackweir.
About 200 metres north of the College of Music and Drama there is also an entrance to the park from North Road which is only for vehicles on official park business (no pedestrian access).There are information boards at West Lodge, North Gate, Blackweir Farm and Blackweir entrances and at the café by the Millenium Bridge; see below for location.
From the West Lodge, what for the purposes of this description is hereafter termed the ‘main' path, heads northwards roughly parallel to the river Taff. Two side paths on the left (steps and ramp) lead to the water Bus Stop and another side path on the right heads eastward then curves round past the western wall of the castle to join the path from the North Gate.
A ‘Gorsedd' stone circle is located on the right side of the main path close to where it forks. Both forks join the path from the North Gate close to the location of the former Black Friars Dominican friary. Here some more recent brick and stonework outline the locations of the historic structures. North and east of the Black Friars site is a large area of grass known as Cooper's Field which is used for annual bonfire and fireworks displays and a variety of other occasional functions including Royal Horticultural Shows.
From Black Friars the main path (the left fork) continues northwards through areas of herbaceous borders, backed by a beech hedge and trees on the eastern side, which stretches as far as the Millennium footbridge, where there is an open air café.
Beyond the café the path continues to a four way junction. At this junction a minor path turns south-east behind the herbaceous border in the direction of the Friary, another broad pathway heads east-north-east across Cooper's Field, eventually joining with a path which for the most part follows the docks feeder from the castle to the Blackweir Farm Gate, (not to be confused with the Blackweir Gate which is the most northerly point of the park), whilst another minor path heads due north into an area of trees and camellia bushes, terminating after about 150 metres on the edge of Cooper's Field.
The main path continues on northwards parallel and close to the river passing on the east side an area of planting called the Stuttgart Garden and the Cardiff City nursery gardens (not open to the public). Here there is an Education Centre and another café with toilets. South of the nursery another path crosses Cooper's Field to join the path running close to the docks feeder.
North of the nursery area the path curves away from the river to link with the path adjacent to the docks feeder.
The main path continues in a north-westerly direction towards Blackweir Gate past playing fields on its eastern side and woodland on its western side.
The park, particularly the west side, is given over to an arboretum with many rare and fine examples of a wide variety of tree species.
At Blackweir Farm as well as the attractive lodge and old farm buildings there are also changing rooms for the playing fields and a less than attractive ambulance depot.
- Visitor Access, Directions & Contacts
Access contact details
This is a municipal park for general public use.
Owners
Cardiff Council
Heath Park, King George V Drive, Cardiff, CF14 4EPOther Websites
- History
The park's designer and planter, Andrew Pettigrew, was one of the most important park designers of the second half of the 19th century, and the open, flowing informal design allowed a smooth transition from a private pleasure ground to a public park. Much of the Victorian planting, particularly of ornamental trees, survives.
The grounds within the walls of Cardiff Castle have a long history of landscaping, going back to the medieval period. Castle Green owes its present day appearance to late-18th-century landscaping by Capability Brown.
The combined area of the Castle Grounds, Bute Park and Castle Green became a public park after 1947.
- Associated People
- Features & Designations
Designations
Conservation Area
- Reference: Cathays Park (Carfiff Castle and part of Bute Park)
CADW Register of Landscapes Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales
- Reference: PGW(Gm)22(CDF)
- Grade: I
Scheduled Ancient Monument
- Reference: Cardiff Castle (Gm 171)
Scheduled Ancient Monument
- Reference: remains of Blackfriars Dominican Priory (Gm173)
CADW Register of Listed Buildings in Wales
- Reference: Animal Wall
- Grade: I
CADW Register of Listed Buildings in Wales
- Reference: Blackweir Cottage
- Grade: II
CADW Register of Listed Buildings in Wales
- Reference: Cardiff Castle
- Grade: I
CADW Register of Listed Buildings in Wales
- Reference: stables of Cardiff Castle
- Grade: II*
CADW Register of Listed Buildings in Wales
- Reference: West Lodge
- Grade: II*
Features
- Castle (featured building)
- Description: The motte was built in 1081. Thereafter, the castle was modified and made more comfortable throughout following centuries.
- Earliest Date:
- Latest Date:
- Stable Block
- Gate
- Description: Wrought iron gates.
- Ornamental Bridge
- Description: Swiss bridge.
- Earliest Date:
- Latest Date:
- Specimen Tree
- Description: There are specimen trees to the west of the castle.
- Tree Feature
- Description: Arboretum.
- Earliest Date:
- Latest Date:
- Herbaceous Border
- Planting
- Description: Maple1. Acer acuminatum - West Himalayan Maple2. Acer cappadocicum - Caucasian Maple3. Acer cappadocicum - "Aureum"4. Acer henryi - Golden Caucasian Maple5. Acer japonicum "Aconitifolium" - Aconite-leaved Japanese Maple6. Acer palmatum - Japanese Maple7. Acer palmatum "Atropurpureum - Japanese Maple8. Acer palmatum "Dissectum" - Japanese Maple9. Acer palmatum "Shishigashira" - Japanese Maple10. Acer pictum - Korean Maple11. Acer platanoides - Norway Maple12. Acer platanoides "Cleveland" - Norway Maple13. Acer platanoides "Dissectum" - Cut-leaved Norway Maple14. Acer platanoides "Drummondii" Drummond's Variegated Norway Maple15. Acer platanoides "Goldsworth Purple" - Purple Norway Maple16. Acer platanoides "Laciniatum" - Cut-leaved Norway Maple17. Acer platanoides "Rubrum" - Red Norway Maple18. Acer pseudoplatanus "Leopoldii" - Leopold's Sycamore19. Acer tataricum - Tatarian Maple20. Acer triflorum ? Manchurian Maple21. Acer truncatum - Shangdong Maple22. Acer x dieckii - Hybrid Maple
- Planting
- Description: Horse Chestnut1. Aesculus californica - Californian Horse Chestnut2. Aescalus chinensis - Chinese Horse Chestnut3. Aescalus hippocastarnum - Horse Chestnut4. Aescalis indica - Indian Horse Chestnut5. Aesculus x carnea "Plantierensis" - Red Horse Chestnut
- Planting
- Description: Alder1. Alnus hirsute - Hairy Alder2. Alnus incana "Aurea" - Golden Grey Alder3. Alnus incana "Pendula Kebe" - Pendulous Grey Alder4. Alnus incana "Pendula" - Weeping Grey Alder5. Alnus maximowiczii - Maximowicz's Alder
- Planting
- Description: Miscellaneous trees and shrubs25. Metasequoia glyptostroboides - Dawn Redwood26. Nyssa sylvatica ? Tupelo27. Parrotia persica - Persian Ironwood28. Paulownia fortunei - Fortune's Paulownia29. Paulownia tomentosa - Imperial Tree of Japan30. Phellodendron chinense - Phellodendron31. Photinia x fraseri "Red Robin" - Photinia32. Phygelius aequalis "Trewidden Pink"- Angel's Trumpet33. Podocarpus salignus ? conifer34. Pseudolarix amabilis - Golden Larch35. Pseudotsuga menziesii "Pendula" in JuneWeeping Douglas Fir36. Pterocarya fraxinifolia - Caucasian Wing-nut37. Pterocarya x rehderiana - Hybrid Wingnut38. Pyrus calleryana "Chanticleer"39. Pyrus nivalis - White Pear40. Rhus potaninii - Chinese Sumach41. Robinia x ambigua "Decaisneana" - Pink Acacia42. Sequoiadendron giganteum - Wellingtonia43. Sophora tetraptera - New Zealand Kowhai44. Taxodium ascendans - Swamp Cypress45. Tetradium daniellii - Evodia46. Trachycarpus fortunei - Chusan Palm47. Trochodendron aralioides - Trochodendron48. Zelkova serrata - Japanese Zelkova
- Planting
- Description: Camellia1. Camellia sasanqua - Autumn Camellia2. More than a dozen other unnamed Camellias
- Planting
- Description: Hornbeam/Hop Hornbeam1. Carpinus betulus "Columnaris" - Columnar Hornbeam2. Carpinus turczaninowii - Shrubby Hornbeam3. Ostrya carpinifolia - Hop Hornbeam4. Ostrya japonica - Japanese Hop Hornbeam5. Ostrya virginiana - Hop Hornbeam
- Planting
- Description: Sweet Chestnut1. Castanea sativa - Sweet Chestnut2. Castanea sativa "Albo-marginata" - Variegated Chestnut
- Planting
- Description: Catalpa or Catawba1. Catalpa bignonioides "Nana" - Dwarf Indian Bean Tree2. Catalpa ovata - Chinese Catalpa3. Catalpa x erubescens "Purpurea" ? Purple Indian Bean Tree
- Planting
- Description: Cedar1. Cedrus atlantica "Glauca" - Blue Cedar2. Cedrus deodara ? Deodar3. Cedrus libani - Cedar of Lebanon4. Cryptomeria japonica - Japanese Cedar
- Planting
- Description: Cypress1. Chamaecyparis lawsoniana "Wisselii - Wissel's Lawson's Cypress2. Chamaecyparis nootkatensis "Pendula" - Pendulous Nootka Cypress3. Cupressus arizonica "Glabra" - Arizona Cypress4. Cupressus macrocarpa "Donard Gold" - Golden Monterey Cypress5. Cupressus macrocarpa "Goldcrest" - Golden Monterey Cypress6. Cupressus sempervirens - Italian Cypress
- Planting
- Description: Hawthorn1. Crataegus "Autumn Glory" - Autumn Glory Thorn2. Crataegus azarolus var. sinaica - Azarole3. Crataegus heldreichii - Grecian Thorn4. Crataegus laciniata - Oriental Thorn5. Crataegus monogyna "Pendula Rosea" - Pink Weeping Thorn6. Crataegus schraderiana - Balkan Thorn
- Planting
- Description: Beech1. Fagus sylvatica - Beech2. Fagus sylvatica "Dawyck" - Dawyck Beech3. Fagus sylvatica "Pendula" - Weeping Beech4. Fagus sylvatica "Purpurea" - Copper Beech
- Planting
- Description: Tulip Tree1. Liriodendron chinense - Chinese Tulip Tree2. Liriodendron tulipifera - Tulip Tree3. Liriodendron tulipifera "Aureomarginatum" - Variegated Tulip Tree4. Liriodendron tulipifera "Integrifolia" - Unlobed Tulip Tree
- Planting
- Description: Ash1. Faxinus americana "Autumn Purple" - White Ash2. Fraxinus excelsior "Jaspidea" - Yellow-twigged Ash3. Fraxinus ornus - Manna Ash4. Fraxinus pennsylvanica - Green Ash5. Fraxinus sogdiana - Turkish Ash
- Planting
- Description: Holly1. Ilex aquifolium "Argentea Marginata" - Broad-leaved Silver Holly2. Ilex aquifolium "Flavescens" - Moonlight Holly3. Ilex kingiana - Holly4. Ilex x altaclerensis - Highclere Holly5. Ilex x altaclerensis "Hendersonii" - Highclere Holly6. Ilex x koehneana - Holly
- Planting
- Description: Magnolia1. Magnolia acuminata - Cucumber Tree2. Magnolia campbellii - Himalayan Pink Tulip Tree3. Magnolia kobus4. Magnolia liliflora "Nigra" - Lily Magnolia5. Magnolia obovata6. Magnolia stellata7. Magnolia tripetala8. Magnolia x soulangeana - Soulange's Magnolia
- Planting
- Description: Apple1. Malus (unknowncultivar) - Apple2. Malus "Cheltenham" - Crab3. Malus "Chilko" - Canadian Crab4. Malus "Oporto"5. Malus "Van Eseltine" - Crab6. Malus baccata "Pendula" - Weeping Siberian Crab7. Malus baccata "Street Parade" - Siberian Crab8. Malus baccata var. mandschurica - Siberian Crab9. Malus hupehensis - Chinese Crab10. Malus x arnoldiana - Hybrid Crab11. Malus x micromalus12. Malus x purpurea "Neville Copeman" - Hybrid Crab13. Malus x scheideckeri "Excellenz Thiel" - Hybrid Crab14. Malus x sublobata - Hybrid Crab15. Malus x adstringens "Hopa" - Hybrid Crab
- Planting
- Description: Beech1. Nothofagus dombeyi - Southern Beech2. Nothofagus obliqua - Roble Beech3. Nothofagus solandri var. cliffortioides - Mountain Beech
- Planting
- Description: Pine1. Pinus nigra var. austriaca - Austrian Pine2. Pinus sylvestris - Scots Pine
- Planting
- Description: Plane1. Platanus orientalis "Digitata" - Digitate Oriental Plane2. Platanus x hispanica - London Plane
- Planting
- Description: Poplar1. Populus deltoides - Necklace Poplar2. Populus koreana - Korean Poplar3. Populus lasiocarpa4. Populus yunnanensis - Balsam Poplar
- Planting
- Description: Cherry1. Prunus "Benden" - Japanese Flowering Cherry2. Prunus "Hokusai" - Japanese Flowering Cherry3. Prunus "Horinji" - Japanese Flowering Cherry4. Prunus "Ichiyo" - Japanese Flowering Cherry5. Prunus "Jamasakura" - Japanese Flowering Cherry6. Prunus "Kanzan" - Japanese Flowering Cherry7. Prunus "Kiku-Shidare Zakura" - Cheal's Weeping Cherry8. Prunus "Ojochin" - Japanese Flowering Cherry9. Prunus "Shirotae" - Japanese Flowering Cherry10. Prunus "Tai-haku" - Great White Cherry11. Prunus "Taoyame" - Japanese Flowering Cherry12. Prunus "Ukon" - Japanese Flowering Cherry13. Prunus "YedoZakura" in OctoberJapanese Flowering Cherry14. Prunus avium - Wild Cherry, Gean15. Prunus avium "Plena" - Double Gean16. Prunus cerasifera - Cherry Plum17. Prunus maackii - Manchurian Cherry18. Prunus padus "Watereri" - Waterer's Bird Cherry19. Prunus pendula "Rosea" - Pink Weeping Cherry20. Prunus pendula var, ascendens "Floreplena" - Cherry21. Prunus sargentii - Sargent's Cherry22. Prunus sargentii "Rancho" - Sargent's Cherry23. Prunus verecunda "Autumn Glory" - Korean Hill Cherry24. Prunus x juddii - Hybrid Cherry25. Prunus x subhirtella "Autumnalis"- Winter Cherry26. Prunus x yedoensis - Yoshino Cherry27. Prunus x yedoensis "Ivensii" - Weeping Yoshino Cherry
- Planting
- Description: Oak1. Quercus agrifolia - Coast Live Oak2. Quercus cerris - Turkey Oak3. Quercus ilex - Holm Oak4. Quercus myrsinifolia - Evergreen Oak5. Quercus rubra - Red Oak
- Planting
- Description: Rhododendron1. Rhododendron "Yellowhammer"2. Rhododendron (Azalea) mollis Hybrid in MayMolle Azalea3. Rhododendron Hardy Hybrid
- Planting
- Description: Willow1. Salix babylonica "Pendula" - Weeping Willow2. Salix babylonica "Tortuosa - Twisted Willow
- Planting
- Description: Sorbus (Whitebeam/MountainAsh/Rowan/Service Tree)1. Sorbus "Wilfred Fox" - Hybrid Whitebeam2. Sorbus "Winter Cheer"3. Sorbus alnifolia4. Sorbus aria - Whitebeam5. Sorbus aucuparia - Rowan6. Sorbus commixta7. Sorbus esserteauana8. Sorbus graeca9. Sorbus hupehensis10. Sorbus latifolia - Service Tree of Fontainbleau11. Sorbus sargentiana12. Sorbus scalaris13. Sorbus torminalis - Wild Service Tree14. Sorbus ursina - Sorbus15. Sorbus x kewensis
- Planting
- Description: Yew1. Taxus baccata "Adpressa Variegata" - Golden Yew2. Taxus baccata "Fastigiata Auromarginata" - Golden Irish Yew
- Planting
- Description: Lime1. Tilia cordata - Small-leaved Lime2. Tilia cordata "Rancho" - Small-leaved Lime3. Tilia maximowicziana - Japanese Lime4. Tilia mongolica - Mongolian Lime5. Tilia platyphyllos "Laciniata" - Cut-leaved Lime6. Tilia x euchlora - Lime
- Planting
- Description: Elm1. Ulmus "Lobel" - Disease Resistant Elm2. Ulmus alata - Winged Em3. Ulmus glabra "Camperdownii" - Camperdown Elm4. Ulmus pumila "Aurescens" - Golden Dwarf Elm5. Ulmus villosa - Marn Elm
- Planting
- Description: Dogwood1. Cornus alternifolia "Argentea" - Pagoda Dogwood2. Cornus controversa "Variegata" - Table Cornel3. Cornus florida subspp. urbiniana - Mexican Flowering Dogwood4. Cornus kousa "Satomi" - Chinese Flowering Dogwood
- Planting
- Description: Hydrangea1. Hydrangea macrophylla "Hortensia Group" - Mop-head Hydrangea2. Hydrangea paniculata - Hydrangea3. Hydrangea paniculata "Grandiflora" - Hydrangea4. Hydrangea quercifolia - Oak-leaved Hydrangea
- Planting
- Description: Walnut/Butternut1. Juglans nigra - Black Walnut2. Juglans cinerea - Butternut
- Planting
- Description: Birch1. Betula "Fetisowii" - Central Asian Hybrid Birch2. Betula kenaica - Alaskan Birch3. Betula utilis var. jacquemontii - Himalayan Birch
- Planting
- Description: Miscellaneous trees and shrubs1. Ailanthus altissima - Tree of Heaven2. Carya cordiformis ? Bitternut3. Celtis occidentalis ? Hackberry4. Cercidium japonicum ?Pendulum? ? Weeping Katsura5. Cercis Canadensis ?Forest Pansy? ? North American Redbud6. Choisya ternate ? Mexican Orange Blossom7. Cladrastis kentukea ? Yellow Wood8. Corylus colurna - Turkish Hazel9. Cotoneaster x watereri "John Waterer"10. Davidia involucrata - Handkerchief Tree11. Euonymus alatus12. Ginkgo biloba - Maidenhair Tree13. Gleditsia triacanthos "Sunburst" - Honey Locust14. Gymnocladus dioicus - Kentucky Coffee Tree15. Hamamelis x intermedia "Pallida" - Wych Hazel16. Idesia polycarpa ? Idesia17. Illicium anisatum - Japanese Anise18. Lagerstroemia indica - Crape Myrtle19. Lavandula angustifolia ? Lavender20. Ligularia stenocephala "The Rocket" - Leopard Plant21. Ligustrum lucidum"Excelsum Superbum" - Variegated Chinese Privet22. Liquidambar styraciflua - Sweet Gum23. Meliosma myriantha - Meliosma24. Mespilus germanica - Medlar
- Key Information
Type
Park
Purpose
Recreational/sport
Principal Building
Parks, Gardens And Urban Spaces
Survival
Extant
Open to the public
Yes
Civil Parish
Castle
- References
References
- CADW, {Register of Landscapes, Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales: Glamorgan} (Cardiff: CADW, 2000,) 42 Register of Landscapes, Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales: Glamorgan
- {City of Cardiff Bute Arboretum Tree List} City of Cardiff Bute Arboretum Tree List
- Wigstead, H., {Tour to North and South Wales} (London, 1800) Remarks on a Tour to North and South Wales, in the year 1797
- Manby, G.W., {An Historic and Picturesque Guide from Clifton Through the Counties of Monmouth, Glamorgan and Brecknock} (Bristol, 1802) An historic and picturesque guide from Clifton through the Counties of Monmouth, Glamorgan and Brecknock, etc
- Nicholas Pearson Associates {Cardiff Castle Historic Landscape Survey} (2002) Cardiff Castle Historic Landscape Survey
Contributors
Michael Statham